Looking at camera, sound, editing and mis-en-scene, consider how CLASS is represented in the clip

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After watching the above clip, it can be said that class is represented in many ways through camera angles, editing, sound and mis en scene. At the beginning of the clip, the music featured is very sombre which makes the audience sympathetic towards the boy, as due to him dirty and shabby clothing, it is obvious he is quite poor. His father has a Northern accent juxtaposed to the posh accent of the wealthy characters featured later in the clip. Their accent is a dominating tone of address which established the control they have. In addition, the boy claims that he can read the name on the newspaper given to him, his father states "learning is not for everyone, we do alright without it" showing that he is uneducated himself, and thinks that it is only for people of the upper class. There are point of view shots when the young boy enters the wealthy man's manor home, allowing the audience to see form his point of view as someone of a lower class. When the young boy is found in the wealthy man's house, the camera looks down on the young boy asleep on the floor (implying he had nowhere else to stay), establishing that he is of a lower class and also allows the audience to sympathise for the boy. This is followed by a shot reverse shot between the boy and the man, defining the relationship between the upper class and poor people. The man hires the young boy to work for him, however even though the man is rich, he offers the boy a six pence, when he really wants a shilling, implying that wealthy people are not generous with their money and also puts the man in a position of power. When the man is taking the boy to his office, their is a visible contrast in their clothing, for example his boots look a lot more expensive than the 'new' boots the poor boy got for his birthday. When we see people of the upper class working, the music changes to a happy, folk song, which reflects their wealth. The wealthy families in the clip get driven by horse drawn carriages, which contrasts the young boy having to walk anywhere he went earlier in the clip.

Life on Mars: discuss how ethnicity is represented in this clip

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After watching the above clip, it can be said that ethnicity is represented in many ways in the programme. Firstly, the camera angles identify that the white men are racists and should be looked down upon as it is a low angle shot, form the police man's point of view, looking down on the two men. This makes him an authoritative figure and the audience immediately relates with him in thinking the men are inferior. The two white men attack an Indian couple, and they are wearing are typically 'skinhead' who were famously racist in the 70's, even though they think they are a superior race, they have extremely bad appearances (bad teeth). There is a swastika painted on the wall which represents a racist divide, also, in different cultures there are different meanings of the swastika again showing there is a great difference in cultures. In addition, there are many Indian murals and religious paintings and artwork around the homes and community centre, showing a pleasant environment that is ruined my racist skinheads throwing a brick through the window. The policeman paints the skinheads white which makes a mockery of them. Later in the clip, the white policemen are looking down on what the Indians are doing in the warehouse, highlighting the racist divide in England in the 70's. When the policeman enters  the office in the back of the warehouse, there is 70's music playing, but with Indian instruments such as a sitar, again emphasising a divide in the cultures in the 1970's.

Monarch of the Glen: discuss how age is represented in this clip

After watching a clip of Monarch in the Glen in the lesson, it is clear that age is represented in many ways throughout the programme via camera angles, editing, sound and mis en scene. Throughout the clip, the camera looks down on the character Amy as she is lying about her age and make her seem like a minority because she is only sixteen. This gives the elder people in the clip authority and so they can tell her off of give her instructions. During arguments in the clip, the camera shots allow the audience to identify with Amy's emotions and age by using over the shoulder and eyeline shots. When the car crashed, Amy hides behind someone, showing that she is of a younger age, and there are many shot reverse shots during the argument that established the ages differences between, Amy, her headmaster and the family she has been living with. A master shot establishes Amy in her room and people working outside, these two scenarios contrast each other as she is a young teenager in her bedroom, and they are older men, working in the field. As Amy enters her room, before she runs away, the music changes from cheery country music (accompanying the men working in the field) to slow, sad music, which changes the mood and tone of the scene. The  head teacher addresses Amy by her full name, this gives him authority over her, in addition, he has a strict, posh accent, highlighting the difference in their age and also the difference in the ages of him and the middle aged man she has been staying with.
She is wearing jeans and a t shirt/sweatshirt that are brightly coloured and feminine, her teacher is wearing a tweed suit and the men surrounding her are dressed the same, typical rural setting clothes, these connote masculinity and hard work and sets her apart form them. Amy is proved to be uneducated as she hasn't taken any of her exams and she has not passed her driving test, this makes her seem less qualified and less mature. The things in her room back this idea up, as she has a bear, photos and magazines, these connote innocence and youth. Amy's behaviour makes her seem immature as she states "I hate you", which is expected of teenagers, and highlights the age difference between her and the men surrounding her. Not all the men are clean shaven, they have grey hair and beards, this juxtaposes Amy as she is wearing make up and has a flower in her hair (connotating blossoming and growth). The setting of the clip is in the rural, Scottish highlands, the archaic buildings could be said to attract an older generation. The car she drives is a 4 by 4, which is a powerful machine that she lost control of, it could be said that this makes her seem weak, in addition, the car is navy which is a masculine colour. The head teacher drinks brandy, which is said to be a very sophisticated drink. In addition it highlights the fact that you have to be a certain age to drink alcohol, making him seem older. The head teacher also talks down to the middle aged man, giving him a position of authority as he is older and establishes a hierarchy or age (head teacher being 50-60, the man being in his 30s and Amy being 16). Amy is very out of place, this makes her seem weak and vulnerable. Also one of the only females there, and so she has no other female counter parts, the only other female there being an elderly woman. There is however, a boy of a similar age to her, who appears to be the only person she can open up to, showing that there are limited people in the area that are of her age and makes her seem more out of place and uncomfortable.

Skins: discuss how youth is represented in this clip

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After watching the above clip of Skins, it can be said that youth is represented in many ways throughout the clip, through camera angles, editing, sound and mis en scene. The clip begins with an establishing shot of the manor where a party is being held, the viewer may think that the people that live there will be wealthy adults living there, but it is juxtaposed with litter and mess made by teenagers having a party. This makes the youths in the clip seem irresponsible as they are drinking excess alcohol and talking about taking drugs. When Cassie and Sid are on the trampoline outside, they are away from the chaotic party in quite a childlike situation, the shots are close up of their faces and them holding hands which makes them seem innocent, in contrast to the opening of that scene, a tracking shot through the bushes, making the audience jump to a conclusion of what 'typical teenagers' do at parties. The clip cuts backwards and forwards from hectic party to peaceful trampoline contrasting between immature and innocent. Music from the party can be heard outside, along with crashing, screaming from the youths. Bob Marley/Reggae music is played at the party when Chris, Maxxie and Anwar enter, the song references drug taking and alcohol. Chris calls himself the 'monkey man' fitting with the lyrics of the song. Rock music changes atmosphere as people start to fight making the scene darker, but the fighting makes the youths seem reckless and immature. The dialogue throughout the clip draws attention to teenage problems such as eating disorder and drug use and the audience can notice that although Cassie is the quietest character there, she has the most problems. When Chris enters he has very dirty trainers and clothing, like a young boy. The camera shot is a close up of his shoes which highlights the lack of respect and responsibility some teenagers have. A fight breaks out between the more mature characters that want the house kept clean and the more immature teenagers that have been drinking alcohol and taking drugs, and also, the helium balloons featured at the party clash with the alcohol and stealing that takes place, again establishing a lack of control and role models.

How is disability represented in this clip?

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In the beginning of the clip, there is an establishing shot looking through some barbed wire which shows connotations of being in the army, and being kept imprisoned. There are also many over the shoulder and close up shots, they have deliberately filmed it this way to keep the focus of the audience on the man’s face which has been severely burnt. As he approaches a woman and her sons, the shot is a point of view shot; this makes him seem threatening and feels like he is sneaking up on them.

                Music in the clip is very loud and tense while people he is walking past are staring at him, the camera is close to each of their faces, keeping focus on both expressions and his disability. As he leaves the first scene, he swears, making him seem loud, angry and like an outcast. People’s reactions to the man’s face emphasise the injury as people stare and one woman screams. When the man goes back to his previous job to see if he can get it back, he is offered minimum wage, although his injury would have no effect on his work, he is being discriminated against because of his injury. While he is asking about getting a job, the other man he is talking to fiddles with the newspaper in his hands to avoid looking at his face and his face looks relieved when he talks to someone else, this puts an emphasis on him being an outcast.

How ethnicity is represented in 'Compulsion'

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With reference to the camera, editing, sound and mis en scene, discuss how ethnicity is represented in this clip.
In the five minute clip of 'Compulsion' we watched, an Indian family are celebrating their daughters 25th Birthday. Her parents want her to traditionally marry an Indian man, however at the party she has an affair with a white man from her University.

Camera
At the beginning of the programme there is an establishing shot, showing the house at which the party is being held, it shows a large house, this shows that the family that own the home are have a lot of money and come from a rich Indian community. There is a point of view shot as Ray Winstone's character is watching the family's daughter, there is also a music change, this emphasises a dark presence as he is usually associated with gangster stereotypes. In the clip, his stereotype is met as he deals drugs to the son of the Indian family. This adds to the representation of white people corrupting the Indian community and linking them to the white criminal community. This is shown through the stereotype of Indians being responsible and classy community.

Sound
The music used in the clip is non diegetic sound, it is traditional Indian music, reflecting the background of the family and emphasising where they come from and their culture. The accents of the characters also emphasise their ethnicity, for example, the Indian parents have Indian accents, but their children, as they have grown up in England, have English accents. This emphasises the fact that the children are moving away from the culture of their family, as their son is dealing with drugs and their daughter is secretly seeing a white English man she met at the English University, Cambridge.

Mis en Scene
The costumes used in the clip highlight which ethnic background each character comes from. The Indian parents are wearing traditional Indian clothing, however their son is wearing a suit and their daughter is wearing a dress, although the style does have some Indian aspects - this again emphasises that their children are moving away from the Indian culture or their family and are moving towards more English culture and the difference between the older and younger generations in the Indian community. In addition, the friends of the daughter are wearing suits and dresses, something typically English people would wear.
The setting of the clip is decorated in a very traditional Indian way, which puts emphasis on the family's background. In addition to this, the family have very traditional Indian values as the girl's father escorts her across the room to meet a friend's son, eluding to an arranged marriage. This is portrayed in a negative way as the audience are experiencing it form her point of view. When the son is dealing with drugs, it puts emphasis that he has enough money, suggesting he comes from a rich background, as does the fact the the daughter attends Cambridge University.

Drama and Representation

1) Using your knowledge of the terms we have looked at in lessons (for shot type, camera angle and editing), look at some clips on YouTube, 4oD, or BBC iPlayer and make a short analysis of them.


Skins - Series 2, Episode 1  , First 5 minutes
Synopsis: 'Maxxie is looking after Tony, but he has his own problems. He desperately wants to leave college and follow his dream to become a dancer, but his dad Walter (Bill Bailey) is giving him hell about it.'




Camera shots and angles

• establishing shot
• mid shot
• over the shoulder shot
• close up
• point of view shot

Editing

• jump cut 
• cross fade
• action match
• pan across

Soundscape

• diegetic sound - music they dance to, bus horn and engine, 
• non diegetic sound - music (sound track)
• ambient sound - traffice driving past
• sound bridge - music crosses over from different scenes

Mise en scene

• Location -varies from, church, street, Maxxie's house